```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Java内存管理：堆与栈深度解析</title>
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            font-family: 'Noto Serif SC', serif;
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        .hero {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
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        }
        footer {
            background-color: #1a202c;
        }
        .footer-link:hover {
            color: #a0aec0;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body class="min-h-screen flex flex-col">
    <!-- Hero Section -->
    <section class="hero text-white py-20 px-4 md:px-0">
        <div class="container mx-auto max-w-5xl text-center">
            <h1 class="text-4xl md:text-5xl font-bold mb-6">Java内存管理</h1>
            <h2 class="text-2xl md:text-3xl font-medium mb-8">堆内存与栈内存深度解析</h2>
            <p class="text-xl md:text-2xl opacity-90 max-w-3xl mx-auto leading-relaxed">
                探索Java虚拟机中两种核心内存区域的工作原理、差异及最佳实践
            </p>
        </div>
    </section>

    <!-- Main Content -->
    <main class="flex-grow container mx-auto max-w-5xl px-4 py-12">
        <!-- Introduction -->
        <section class="mb-16">
            <div class="highlight-box mb-12">
                <p class="text-lg md:text-xl">
                    在Java编程中，<strong>堆内存（Heap）</strong>和<strong>栈内存（Stack）</strong>是两种主要的内存区域，各自有其特点和用途。堆内存主要用于存储对象实例和数组，内存管理由垃圾收集器负责；栈内存用于存储方法的局部变量和调用信息，内存管理高效且访问速度非常快。
                </p>
            </div>

            <!-- Memory Diagram -->
            <div class="mb-16">
                <div class="mermaid">
                    graph TD
                    A[Java内存结构] --> B[堆内存 Heap]
                    A --> C[栈内存 Stack]
                    B --> D[存储对象实例和数组]
                    B --> E[由GC管理]
                    B --> F[生命周期由引用决定]
                    C --> G[存储局部变量和方法调用]
                    C --> H[自动管理]
                    C --> I[方法结束时释放]
                </div>
            </div>

            <!-- Two Column Layout -->
            <div class="grid md:grid-cols-2 gap-8 mb-16">
                <!-- Heap Memory Card -->
                <div class="card bg-white p-8 rounded-lg">
                    <div class="flex items-center mb-6">
                        <i class="fas fa-database feature-icon"></i>
                        <h3 class="text-2xl font-bold ml-4">堆内存 (Heap)</h3>
                    </div>
                    <ul class="space-y-4">
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>存储内容：</strong>所有通过 <code>new</code> 创建的对象实例和数组
                            </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-robot text-blue-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>内存管理：</strong>由垃圾收集器(GC)自动回收无引用对象
                            </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-hourglass-half text-yellow-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>生命周期：</strong>由引用决定，无引用时被GC回收
                            </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-tachometer-alt text-red-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>访问速度：</strong>相对较慢，因涉及GC操作
                            </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-expand text-purple-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>大小：</strong>可通过 <code>-Xmx</code> 和 <code>-Xms</code> 参数配置，通常较大
                            </div>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>

                <!-- Stack Memory Card -->
                <div class="card bg-white p-8 rounded-lg">
                    <div class="flex items-center mb-6">
                        <i class="fas fa-layer-group feature-icon"></i>
                        <h3 class="text-2xl font-bold ml-4">栈内存 (Stack)</h3>
                    </div>
                    <ul class="space-y-4">
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>存储内容：</strong>方法局部变量、方法调用信息、操作数栈等
                            </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-cogs text-blue-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>内存管理：</strong>基于LIFO原则自动管理，方法结束时释放
                            </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-clock text-yellow-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>生命周期：</strong>与方法执行周期一致，方法结束即销毁
                            </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-bolt text-red-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>访问速度：</strong>非常快，使用简单内存操作
                            </div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-compress text-purple-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>
                                <strong>大小：</strong>通过 <code>-Xss</code> 参数配置，通常较小，每个线程独立
                            </div>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </section>

        <!-- Comparison Section -->
        <section class="mb-16">
            <h2 class="text-3xl font-bold mb-8 text-center">堆内存与栈内存核心区别</h2>
            
            <div class="grid md:grid-cols-2 gap-8">
                <div>
                    <h3 class="text-xl font-semibold mb-4 flex items-center">
                        <i class="fas fa-database mr-3 text-blue-500"></i>堆内存特点
                    </h3>
                    <div class="comparison-item">
                        <h4 class="font-bold text-lg mb-2">存储对象实例</h4>
                        <p>所有通过new创建的对象和数组都存储在堆中，生命周期由引用决定</p>
                    </div>
                    <div class="comparison-item">
                        <h4 class="font-bold text-lg mb-2">GC管理</h4>
                        <p>垃圾收集器定期扫描并回收不再被引用的对象，可能造成短暂的停顿</p>
                    </div>
                    <div class="comparison-item">
                        <h4 class="font-bold text-lg mb-2">线程共享</h4>
                        <p>堆内存被所有线程共享，需要考虑线程安全问题</p>
                    </div>
                </div>
                
                <div>
                    <h3 class="text-xl font-semibold mb-4 flex items-center">
                        <i class="fas fa-layer-group mr-3 text-purple-500"></i>栈内存特点
                    </h3>
                    <div class="comparison-item">
                        <h4 class="font-bold text-lg mb-2">存储局部变量</h4>
                        <p>保存方法的局部变量、参数和调用信息，方法结束自动释放</p>
                    </div>
                    <div class="comparison-item">
                        <h4 class="font-bold text-lg mb-2">高效管理</h4>
                        <p>基于LIFO原则管理，分配和释放效率极高</p>
                    </div>
                    <div class="comparison-item">
                        <h4 class="font-bold text-lg mb-2">线程私有</h4>
                        <p>每个线程有自己的栈空间，不存在线程安全问题</p>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </section>

        <!-- Best Practices -->
        <section class="bg-white p-8 rounded-lg shadow-md mb-16">
            <h2 class="text-3xl font-bold mb-6 text-center">
                <i class="fas fa-lightbulb mr-3 text-yellow-500"></i>最佳实践
            </h2>
            <div class="grid md:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
                <div class="bg-gray-50 p-6 rounded-lg">
                    <h3 class="text-xl font-semibold mb-3 text-blue-600">堆内存优化</h3>
                    <ul class="space-y-2">
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>避免创建不必要的对象，减少GC压力</div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>合理设置-Xmx和-Xms参数，避免频繁扩容</div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>及时释放不再使用的对象引用</div>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
                <div class="bg-gray-50 p-6 rounded-lg">
                    <h3 class="text-xl font-semibold mb-3 text-purple-600">栈内存考虑</h3>
                    <ul class="space-y-2">
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>避免过深的递归调用导致栈溢出</div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>控制方法局部变量的数量，避免过大栈帧</div>
                        </li>
                        <li class="flex items-start">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-green-500 mt-1 mr-2"></i>
                            <div>多线程环境下适当调整-Xss参数</div>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </section>

        <!-- Performance Impact -->
        <section class="mb-16">
            <h2 class="text-3xl font-bold mb-8 text-center">性能影响示意图</h2>
            <div class="mermaid">
                barChart
                title 内存访问速度与容量对比
                x-axis 指标
                y-axis 值
                bar 堆内存
                : 访问速度: 60
                : 容量: 90
                bar 栈内存
                : 访问速度: 95
                : 容量: 30
            </div>
        </section>
    </main>

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    <footer class="py-8 text-white">
        <div class="container mx-auto max-w-5xl px-4 text-center">
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    <script>
        mermaid.initialize({
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```